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Set List Column Default Value in SharePoint using REST API

The example in this topic show how to use REST API to Set List Column Default Value in SharePoint
  • REST-API is based on OData (Open Data) Protocol and hence it doesn't require any dll or JS library to run the commands on the SharePoint objects.
  • REST-API calls require proper end-point URL and proper Header implementation in your REST call.

How to use SharePoint REST API?

  • Note: This is just a sample, you can go ahead with your implementation.
  • You can also use this method in your SPFx Component.
  • Open your Site. Create a webpart page.
  • Put a Content Editor Web part and a Script Editor Web part on it.
  • Webpart page content editor and scipt editor
  • I have added below Html in Content Editor webpart. You can replace MainFunction with your actual method name.

    <button onclick="MainFunction();" type="button">Click me​</button>

  • And below references in Script Editor Webpart. ScriptFile.js is a JavaScript file where you can keep below function i.e. your actual logic.

    <script src="https://MyServer/sites/SiteCollection/style library/js/ScriptFile.js"></script>

  • Once you are done with setting your page, click on the button and your method should get executed.

  • function SetListColumnDefaultValue() {
  •     $.ajax
  •         ({
  •             // _spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl - will give absolute URL of the site where you are running the code.
  •             // You can replace this with other site URL where you want to apply the function
  •  
  •             url: _spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl + "/_api/web/lists/getByTitle('List Name')/fields/getbytitle('ColumnName')",
  •             method: "POST",
  •             data: JSON.stringify({
  •                 '__metadata': {
  •                     // Type that you are modifying.
  •                     'type': 'SP.FieldText'
  •                 },
  •                 'DefaultValue': 'Default Value of the field'
  •             }),
  •             headers:
  •                {
  •                    // IF-MATCH header: Provides a way to verify that the object being changed has not been changed since it was last retrieved.
  •                    // "IF-MATCH":"*", will overwrite any modification in the object, since it was last retrieved.
  •                    "IF-MATCH": "*",
  •                    "X-HTTP-Method": "PATCH",
  •                    // Accept header: Specifies the format for response data from the server.
  •                    "Accept": "application/json;odata=verbose",
  •                    //Content-Type header: Specifies the format of the data that the client is sending to the server
  •                    "Content-Type": "application/json;odata=verbose",
  •                    // X-RequestDigest header: When you send a POST request, it must include the form digest value in X-RequestDigest header
  •                    "X-RequestDigest": $("#__REQUESTDIGEST").val()
  •                },
  •             success: function (data, status, xhr) {
  •                 console.log("Success");
  •             },
  •             error: function (xhr, status, error) {
  •                 console.log("Failed");
  •             }
  •         });
  • }

Thank you for reading this article. This code was tested in SharePoint 2013

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